Subscribe for updates it would be a pleasure to have you back on geocurrents in the future. Pdf an etymological dictionary of the mongolic languages. Could turkic, mongolic, and tungusic language families be. The mongolic languages are a group of languages spoken in eastcentral asia, mostly in mongolia and surrounding areas plus in kalmykia. The mongolic languages are a group of languages that are spoken in central asia. These languages are spoken in a vast area of central asia. The bestknown member of this language family, mongolian, is the primary language of most of the residents of mongolia and the mongols residents of inner mongolia, with an estimated 5. The manuscript is part of the library of polish orientalist wladyslaw kotwicz 18721944, who devoted part of his scholarly life to the study of turkic, mongolic, and tungusic languages. Studies on mongolic languages in hexi corridor based on. From the 1980s to the 1990s, mengguyuzu yuyan fangyan yanjiu congshu studies on mongolic languages and dialects series, a series of linguistic materials on mongolic languages, was published by inner mongolia university china, as a product of a linguistic fieldwork project. Introduction although the mongolic languages have been studied for more than 200 years in its own right or within the framework of comparative altaistics. At the start of comparative research of mongolic and turkic, we accepted the view that the words bilig bolog keseg in mongolic might have originated from.
Wolfgang behr, university of zurich, yueguo gu, chinese academy of social sciences, zev handel, university of washington, c. Agnes birtalan contributor of the mongolic languages. Chapter 10 is a comparative look at the sound changes in mongolic languages from old mongolian. The mongolic vowel shift revisited cornell university. Its words and roots are not directly attested in any written works, but have been reconstructed through the comparative method, which finds regular similarities between languages that cannot be explained by coincidence or wordborrowing, and extrapolates ancient forms from these similarities according to our criteria for inclusion. Turkic or mongolic language is a crossword puzzle clue that we have spotted 1 time. The bestknown member of this language family, mongolian, is the primary language of most of the residents of mongolia and the mongolian residents of inner mongolia, china with an estimated 5. For general linguistic theory, the mongolic languages offer interesting insights to problems of areal typology and structural change.
The spiral hair is characteristic of the congoids, the hair is straight in mongoloids, and in the caucasoids the hair may be straight, wavy or helical. Some linguists propose to put mongolic languages in the same group as the turkic and tungusic languages. Mongolic, tungusic, amuric, koreanic, japonic, and. To end, heres a paragraph from turkomongol relations chapter twentyone of the mongolic languages, routledge, 2003. Mongolic article about mongolic by the free dictionary. Turkic or mongolic language is a crossword puzzle clue. Vowel contrast and vo wel harmony shift in the mongolic languages. As is common with the other volumes in the series, it contains a chapter each for the various languages in a family which provide a mainly synchronic sketch of their grammar and lexicon. The mongolic languages are a group of languages spoken in eastcentral asia, mostly in mongolia and surrounding areas plus in kalmykia and buryatia. More economical no vowel shift consistent with the fact that many altaic languages, esp. Its words and roots are not directly attested in any written works, but have been reconstructed through the comparative method, which finds regular similarities between languages that cannot be explained by coincidence or wordborrowing, and extrapolates ancient forms from these similarities. In the west the kazakh and tuvan languages, among others, are also spoken. The bestknown member of this language family is mongolian.
Payne, philip barton 1998 lasermongolian for windows. The peripheral mongolic languages of the qinghaigansu area in china comprise eastern yugur shira yugur and the shirongol languages. The mongolic languages represents the first comprehensive treatment of the mongolic language family in english the mongolic languages form a linguistically well defined but geographically widely dispersed family of more than a dozen separate languages, distributed from east and north asia mongolia, manchuria and southern siberia to central and west asia northern. Kalka, khalka, khalkha the language of the khalkha that is the official language of the mongolian peoples republic type of. Because words with male vowels generally do not also have female vowels and viseversa, it is possible to guess the spelling and pronunciation of words simply based on the first vowel. They call this group the altaic languages, but not all linguists agreed upon this. This is the main category of the mongolic languages. In northeast asia, eight well documented lineages of languages can be established, including sinitic, turkic. Altaic, altaic language a group of related languages spoken in asia and southeastern europe. Mongolic and tungusic, have an rtr harmony still does not exclude the possibility of a palataltotr shift at an earlier stage 19 the end of the korean vowel shift controversy 862011. Oct 01, 2007 the official language of mongolia is khalkha mongolian, which uses the cyrillic alphabet, and is spoken by 90% of the population. Many of the other mongolic languages are declining andor endangered.
First it establishes contrastive hierarchies for modern mongolic varieties, based on which it attempts to reconstruct an rtrbased vowel. Lets check the cardinal numbers of socalled altaic languages. Information about the mongolic languages where are the mongolic languages spoken. However, protomongolian seems to descend from a comm. The mongolic khamnigan, kazakh, and tuvan languages are also spoken in different regions of the country. So, in fact, the present day similarities of turkic and mongolic languages is due to a long period of contact and was expedited by mongolian expansionist policy, which gave rise to turkomongol tradition 14th century. If so, we invite you to join our contributor program.
For general linguistic theory, the mongolic languages offer interesting insights to problems of areal typology and structural. The mongolic languages routledge language family series series by juha janhunen. This paper explores the synchrony and diachrony of the mongolic vowel systems within the framework of contrastive hierarchy theory dresher 2009. The differences that have historically determined the classification into races are predominantly physical aspects of appearance that are generally hereditary. Mongolic is a small, relatively homogenous and recent language family whose common ancestor, protomongolian, was spoken at the beginning of the second millennium ad. Wikimedia commons category mongolic languages english wikipedia has an article on. In cyrillic orthography as it is used in mongolia it. Agnes birtalan is the author of kalmyk folklore and folk culture in the mid19th century 5. Buy the mongolic languages routledge language family series.
On the three pairs of relative words in mongolic and turkic groups 87 analysis is more practical for nonrelated languages, as compared with related languages. A variety of different dialects are spoken across the country. Mongolic synonyms, mongolic pronunciation, mongolic translation, english dictionary definition of mongolic. Juha janhunen is another entry in the routledge language family series. An etymological dictionary of the mongolic languages. A language family spoken in eurasia and including mongolian and kalmyk. Chapter 9 ends with a comparative vocabulary of about 240 items.
You can sign up for email updates or follow our rss feed, facebook, or. About 95% of mongolias population speaks mongolian. Youll receive credits toward complimentary access to ethnologue for every contribution that is vetted and accepted by our editors. The mongolic languages represents the first comprehensive treatment of the mongolic language family in english the mongolic languages form a linguistically well defined but geographically widely dispersed family of more than a dozen separate languages, distributed from east and north asia mongolia, manchuria and southern siberia to central and west asia northern tibet, gansu, sinkiang. Language documentation of mongolic languages spoken in the northeast of china. Mongolian synonyms, mongolian pronunciation, mongolian translation, english dictionary definition of mongolian. Mongolic definition of mongolic by the free dictionary. Languages of the world department of computer science. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Mongolic definition of mongolic by medical dictionary. Oirat and buryat are the two most common dialects spoken.
The mongolic languages routledge language family series. However, the parallelisms between the three are too few, according to others, to support the unity of the altaic family. Encyclopedia of chinese language and linguistics 5 volumes editorinchief. This volume is the first comprehensive treatment of the mongolic languages in english, written by an international team of specialists. The qinghaigansu languages and reconstruction 19 1. Mongolian is the largest of the mongolic languages which are considered one of the three subfamilies of the altaic family by many scholars the other two are tungusic and turkic. A grammar of baoan tu, a mongolic language of northwest china. International journal of eurasian linguistics 1 2019 162197 jeal jeal a sketch of the earliest mongolic language. Mongolian is the official language of the republic of mongolia. James huang, harvard university and james myers, national chung cheng university november 2015. Pages in category mongolic languages the following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total.
Jun 26, 2003 an understanding of the mongolic language family is also a prerequisite for the study of mongolian and central eurasian history and culture. Mongolian definition of mongolian by the free dictionary. Is russian still the most popular foreign language in. Mongoloid definition of mongoloid by medical dictionary. This page may contain content that is offensive or inappropriate for some readers. Vowel contrast and vo wel harmony shift in the mongolic. Articles on this topic in other wikimedia projects can be found at. Once the rulers of the largest land empire that has ever existed on earth, the historical mongols of chinggis khan left a linguistic heritage which today survives in the form of more than a dozen different languages, collectively termed mongolic. This page was last edited on 7 november 2019, at 02.
Of or being a human racial classification traditionally distinguished by physical characteristics such as yellowishbrown skin. Media in category mongolic languages the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Mongolic languages simple english wikipedia, the free. The grammars of mongolian languages monumenta altaica. Fundamental all languages languages by family mongolic articles on this topic in other wikimedia projects can be found at. Mongolian is the official and most widely spoken language of mongolia. Mongolic languages, most of them speaking some form of mongolian. The mongolic languages are a language family that is spoken in eastcentral asia, mostly in mongolia, inner mongolia, an autonomous region of china, xinjiang, another autonomous region of china, the region of qinghai, and also in kalmykia, a republic of southern european russia. Vowel harmony is a core aspect of the mongolian language, and understanding the rule can facilitate quicker learning of words.
Pdf language documentation of mongolic languages spoken in. They call this group the altaic languages, but not all linguists agreed upon this the bestknown member of this language family is mongolian. Common mongolic cm is the reconstructed language from which all known medieval and modern mongolic languages are supposed to have developed. The official language of mongolia is khalkha mongolian, which uses the cyrillic alphabet, and is spoken by 90% of the population. The latter can be subdivided in a monguor branch, consisting of mongghul and mangghuer, and a baoanic branch, consisting of baoan, kangjia, and dongxiang santa. Vowel shifts included pharyngealization, velarization, and polarization. During mongolias communist period, which ended in 1990, it was government policy to teach russian as a second language in schools, and you had to speak rus. Approximately 6 800 000 according to the site sil classification. Order protomongolic prototungusic old japanese korean prototurkic 1. Russian is still the most widelyspoken second language in mongolia, but that is changing. Vowel contrast and vowel harmony shift in the mongolic.
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